Automobile,Safety,Fitness,Driv car Automobile Safety - Fitness to Drive

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Fitness to DriveTo sustain this degree of concentration, the driver must bementally alert and physically fit. The most common threat to a driver'smental alertness is fatigue, especially on long journeys. To avoidfatigue, the following measures can be taken:(1) The driver should be seated comfortably, be able to seeeverything around, and be able to reach all the controls withoutdifficulty.(2) The car should be well ventilated, with a continuous current of fresh air.(3) If there is a radio or tape player in the car, the drivermust take care that his or her alertness is not dulled by music that istoo loud or too soothing.(4) The driver should avoid eating heavy meals either before orduring a journey. He or she should never drink alcohol before or whiledriving.(5) On long journeys the driver should stop the car at leastonce every two hours in order to exercise the muscles by walking aroundor doing physical exercises.The harmful effects of alcohol on a driver's concentration andjudgment are well known, but still need to be emphasized. Theparticular danger of alcohol is that it may increase the driver'ssubjective feeling of self-confidence, while at the same timedecreasing the actual powers of judgment. Drugs also may have similareffects, and a driver who has been prescribed drugs or who is takingany medicines regularly should consult the physician about the possibleeffects on his or her driving.A less obvious factor that may affect a driver's concentrationis nervous tension and stress. One cause of tension may be worriesabout the car itself. These can be reduced by ensuring that the car isregularly serviced and in good condition and by repairing or replacingfaulty parts as soon as the fault becomes apparent. A driver can alsosuffer from nervous tension if he or she is unnecessarily distracted byother passengers in the car. Children especially become bored andrestless on long journeys, and another adult in the car can help thedriver by keeping them amused with games of observation. Such games arepreferable to reading, which not only is difficult to do in a car, butalso may induce sickness.It is impossible to eliminate all stress from driving, butcareful planning before every journey to allow enough time fordifferent road conditions does produce a more relaxed, and, therefore,a more alert driver. If at any time during a journey you feel yourselfbecoming tense, draw to the side of the road, leave the car, and walkaround.Travel SicknessTravel sickness is more likely to affect children than adults.It is often preceded by yawning, a general loss of interest, sweating,a cold and shivery feeling, and pallor of the face. If any of thesesigns are present, stop the car and let the person walk around forawhile. Give the person a sip of water, and when getting back into thecar let the person sit in front.Attacks of travel sickness may be prevented by driving smoothly,cornering and braking gently, and maintaining a flow of fresh airthrough the car. Make sure that all persons in the car are seatedcomfortably and that seat belts are worn. Any dangling object, such asa soft toy, should be taken down. Make frequent stops for a littleexercise and perhaps some light refreshment, such as a picnic lunch.There are a number of commercial preparations available for theprevention of travel sickness. No driver should take travel sicknesspills without first checking with a physician that it is safe to do so;most of these preparations cause drowsiness.Body ExercisesHere are a few simple exercises that a driver can do during stops to relieve body tension.Neck. Relax the shoulders and lean the head back as far aspossible for two seconds. Let the head fall forward so that the chinrests on the chest. Relax and repeat.Shoulders. Rotate the shoulders in a forward motion, one at atime then both together, with the arms dangling loose. Relax andrepeat.Arms and Hands. Clench the fists, bring them to the shoulders,and flex the biceps. Relax and repeat. Alternatively clasp the handstogether with the fingers interlocked and try to separate the handswithout breaking their grip. Count to ten and relax.Stomach. Take a deep breath and brace the stomach muscles. Holdto a slow count of 10 and breathe out slowly. Repeat several times.Legs. Squeeze the thighs together and press the hands againstthe outside of the legs near the knees. Maintain hand pressure andseparate the legs. Count to 10 and relax. Article Tags: Long Journeys, Driver Should, Travel Sickness