Grammar,Short,Run-Through,This education Grammar - A Short Run-Through
Some forms of parent involvement with the school such as communications with school, volunteering, attending school events and parent--parent connections appeared to have little effect on student achievement, especially in high school. Helpi Translation jobs are undertaken by professional translators who are well versed with at least two languages.Translation can work at two levels: inter-state or regional language translation and inter-national or foreign language translation.
This short run-through on grammar and some of the details will walkyou through some important but unfamiliar terms, names, and other itemsrelated to grammar and linguistics.Grammar is actually a branchof linguistics dealing with the form and structure of words (calledmorphology) and their inter-relations in sentences (called syntax). Thestudy of grammar reveals how language works.Kinds Of GrammarThereare two kinds of common categories of grammar: descriptive andprescriptive. Both of these are in wide use, although linguists tendtowards a descriptive approach to grammar.Those who are teachingEnglish tend to go for the more prescriptive approach. Usually,however, there is a bit of give and take in both approaches.DescriptiveAdescriptive grammar looks at the grammar of any language (or dialectfor that matter) as it actually exists. A sentence is judgedgrammatical based on the rules of the speech group in which it isspoken, and not from the arbitrary set of rules.An example "Hedone got thrown off the horse" would be grammatical and it can bedefended with an entire set of rules of grammar that would explain whythat sentence is indeed grammatical. Other versions of the sentencemight also be judged grammatical in other communities, and with only aversion "He was thrown off of the horse" considered acceptable by all.Prescriptive GrammarOnthe other hand, a prescriptive grammar looks at the norms of speech asgiven by authoritative sources (upper-class groups or the academics)and creates strict rules by which all speech within that language mustabide to be considered grammatical.Nowadays, only a fewlinguists would take a prescriptive approach to grammar in the modernage. They prefer to describe language as it exists in a given speechcommunity.However, many teachers, grammarians, and pedagogues ingeneral still have a prescriptive approach towards grammar. They holdto standardized rules as being the only proper way to speak thelanguage.Prescriptive grammar is used in teaching a language tonon-native speakers. When teaching English, for example, it is deemedimportant to use a "standard" form of English as some form of basis toteach from. It had been declared that these also help reduce confusionamong students.Once the language has been acquired, of course, aless-prescriptive approach will necessarily take over. Today, themovies and television, plus some books are the places where non-nativespeakers learn the regional rules of the sample English language. Someof the rules may not conform then to the prescriptive grammar thestudent originally learned the English from.There are otherapproaches to the study of grammar aside from the prescriptive and thedescriptive kinds. They are the historical, comparative and functionalkinds, too. They usually focus on word building and word order,concerned mainly with the structure of the language.These typesare also distinct from phonology (the linguistic study of sound) andsemantics (the linguistic study of meaning or content).TheAmerican linguistic scholar Noah Chomsky approached grammar as a theoryof language. Language here means the knowledge that men have that allowthem to acquire a language.The man on the streets would arguethat grammar is how one person uses a set of rules of any language tocommunicate to another. So far, this short run-through of grammar hasnot as yet ascertained which set of rules to follow: that of theprescriptivists or the descriptivists? Article Tags: Short Run-through, Prescriptive Approach
Grammar,Short,Run-Through,This